Comparative Business Ethics and Social Responsibility Business Bureau

Question : Case study of Better Business Bureaufrom book 10th edition of business ethis and corporate social responsibility. Please include in body is Better Business Bureau company following CSR or not Answer : Executive Summary The present report discusses the ethical issue case of BBB. The ethical issues that the organization faced is with its pay for play scheme which honored A plus rating to the businesses that paid them for their membership and gave F rating for the business that refused paying pees to BBB. The report is continued with a discussion of important stakeholders of BBB that this NAD division must focus on. It is found that the stakeholders and also the consumers are the significant stakeholders that the organization must focus on to develop a trustworthy group. To properly understand the ethical issues, the report aligns the ethical issues with two different theories one is the stakeholder theory and other is the corporate social responsibility theory. Further the four different obligations of the corporate social responsibility are also analyzed. To help BBB to overcome the issues, some of the solutions with strategies have been recommended before conclusion. The report is concluded by summ arizing the overall report. Introduction In United States, the National Marketing Division, Better Business Bureau is a very popular self-regulatory trade association. The principle objective of this trade association is to develop a circumstance where the buyers and the sellers will have mutual trust. The Better Business Bureau is one of the best known watchdog groups and it has a very popular scheme termed as pay for play. In this scheme, A plus ratings are bestowed upon the individuals for paying the membership fees. On the other hand, F ratings are given for punishing the individuals who do not. This rating implies that it will not be worthy for the consumers and it also identified to be misleading. It is associated with lack of trust and honesty and anybody could come to the association for lodging complains about the Better Business Bureau. It has been found that the activities of Better Business Bureau were financed by the enrollment fees paid by the business firms. Major ethical issues arise due to the presence of m onetary influence in the rating framework. This paper will focus on analyzing the ethical issues and misconducts undertaken by Better Business Bureau (BBB) and how it affected the stakeholders of the organization. Additionally, this paper will include recommendations in order to cease the unethical practice leading to significant negative impact on the stakeholders. Major Stakeholders of Better Business Bureau Stakeholders refer to the elements the elements which get directly or indirectly influenced in a positive or negative manner by the decisions and activities of the organization. It has been observed that there are various stakeholders of a business firm. Stakeholders may include shareholders, employees, customers, suppliers, government, local community, ecosystem etc. In case of Better Business Bureau, it has been indentified that for all recognized business, they have set a policy of paying membership fees in order to join the association in order to provide the advantages of higher rating in comparison the other businesses. It has been found that the pay to play is a scheme which has a potential negative impact on the businesses. The unreliable rating procedure of the company has given higher ratings to the companies which have paid the fees and poor rating to the companies which have not. In case of the non-accredited business, rating procedure plays a crucial role (Watson and Wea ver, 2003). The rating significantly influences the purchasing decision of the consumers. This scheme has significantly influenced the consumers in selecting the accredited business rather than the non-accredited business. Consequently, the non-accredited businesses are losing their clients in spite of being offering better quality goods and services (Vitell and Paolillo, 2004). Better Business Bureau requires several business firms to join them in order to provide better service to the customers. It is evident the association will be unable to develop trust without the participation of business firms. Hence, it can be stated that the business firms are one of the most important stakeholders of BBB. It has been found that BBB had developed an advanced platform where the consumers can easily access the website of the organization without paying any charges. The consumers can check out the ratings of the business firms accredited by Better Business Bureau. It must be noted that the consumers started to rely upon the BBB more than Federal Trade Commission. The business firms have significantly supported BBB in order to enhance the brand image and brand reputation. If the consumers do not give significant weight to BBB or ignore BBB, the business firms will not invest anymore in BBB. Hence, it can be stated that the consumers are the principal stakeholders of Better Business Bureau. The ethical consideration helps in confirming the rightness or misdirecting nature of specific firm which operates free from any kind of social or stakeholder liabilities. Market orientation is considered as a key imperative part of the marketing techniques. But the role of the consumers in improving the ethical activities s well as social obligation is still dicey. The business firms are participating in the competitive market and in this situation, the orientation of the market and customer focus are considered to be the major factors for determining the performance of the marketing activities (Tuttle, 2013). Often extensive competition encourages the business firms to adopt unethical practices. When the Better Business Bureau provides unjustified rating, the consumers get misguided. The customers are interested pay for the same products or services that a licensed business must provide compensation for the amount paid to BBB in order to raise the cost. The major responsibility of Better Business Bureau is to provide strong legal protection to the consumers. It will be helpful in building as well as developing mutual expectation. It also creates trust and ensures fair dealing. The Moral Management model has stated that the legal orientation, ethical code of conduct, goals and objectives of the organization are the major factors which contribute sin maintain the ethical standards towards the customers. According to this model, the management needs to focus on achieving success through ethical practices. Hence, ethical leadership is essential in this case. This approach helps the organization to identify the right direction of undertaking the organizational activities. The Moral Management model focuses on following the ethical standards as it as an important aspect of integrity strategy and it ensures the success of the organization. Ethical values significantly help in shaping the management as well as assists in providing opportuni ties for making effective decision (STEVENS and BROWNELL, 2000). Additionally, the ethical values develop a proper organizational system. Better Business Bureau needs to focus on the ethical value for developing the rating framework. The integrated rating methodology of BBB will help the organization in selection of a common reference point and provide a better service to the stakeholders. In this manner, BBB will be able to ensure fair rating system to its consumers in order to lead them towards a right direction (Jamnik, 2011). Better Business Bureau: Is it partial? Better Business Bureau has been confronting major controversial issues regarding their rating policies. The major ethical concern has significantly affected the reputation and image of the organization. The controversy was initiated while the famous restaurant Ritz-Carlton Hotel had received F rating from BBB, although it has not received any complaints. The consumers were very confused as they failed to make out why such a good restaurant had received such a poor grade. Later, it was explored that the companies obtaining higher rating by Better Business Bureau used to pay high charges to the association. On the other hand, the companies which did not pay any charges to the BBB used to receive poor ratings. The Better Business Bureau has been badly criticized for this allegation. The pay for play is a potential fraudulent framework which offers higher ratings against money. The discriminating and unethical practice of BBB was terribly criticized. BBB used to award good ratings only t o the companies which used to pay huge amount regularly. Although the companies, offering high quality products were receiving poor ratings by BBB and it misguided the consumers. These issues took place as the Los Angeles branch of Better Business Bureau was involved in the misconduct. Additionally, several business firms had lodged complains as it had adopted unjustified rating system. The business owners also identified the policy of the Better Business Bureau. Another major issue was associated with Better Business Bureau. It was identified that BBB was very friendly with the business organizations. When the consumers used to lodge complaints against any company, Better Business Bureau used to ask the consumers to fill up additional information in the complaint form. Therefore, these information were sold to the business firms in order to help them in identifying their weaknesses and work on it. The consumers were upset with this behavior of Better Business Bureau. Additionally, it was identified that Better Business Bureau was engaged in launching partnership with some business organizations for ensuring profit for both the associations. According to the non-accredited business firm, the Better Business Bureau ignored the business firs which refused to pay the fees. The ethical responsibility of a firm was completely ignored by BBB. Thus, the unethical practice of the organization had affected the reputation of the organization by degrading its value to the customers. Analyzing the major issues of BBB, it can be found that the organization needs to emphasize on the stakeholder approach. The stakeholder theory essentially assists the management of an organization by facilitating the investigation in order to identify the best suitable approach for the organization for fitting with the dynamic environment. Additionally, it helps in the identification of the working mechanisms which will have a positive influence on the stakeholders. Freeman had recommended that each firm needs to fill the generic stakeholder map (Redwardfreeman.com, 2015). According to this theory, disregarding the wide range of stakeholders is not ethically justified and it may have a negative impact on the firm. On the other hand, the theory of the corporate social responsibility has identified major four responsibilities of an organization: legal, economical, ethical and social responsibility (Kimber, 2005). According to the theory, the company must concentrate on the achieving p rofit through their organizational activities in ethical manner. BBB has failed in meeting this responsibility (Banerjee, 2007). The income of BBB is mainly generated from the membership fees that is collected from different businesses as an accredited due fees. The BBB do not receive any kind of monetary help or funding from the government agencies. Next, the legal responsibility which means adhering to various rules and regulations, which means the firm needs to focus on various rules and regulation for better organizational ethical condition and also to develop trust among the clients and the customers. This is also where BBB lagged in. It did not have any as such proper rules and regulations that would make the organization a trustworthy group. The branches of BBB had also decreased their personnel cost which did not included any kind of rudiments that will permit the organization to judge the right complaints against the businesses. Many businesses under this association have faced issues due to the decisions taken by the unprofessional personnel. Further, the ethical responsibility factor which deals with do thing the rights things also plays a vital role in BBB success. This theory emphasizes on the cultural aspects of the organizations. According to this theory, BBB should see its business as a citizen of society, however lacked in transparency. The BBB could not maintain transparency with its direct client that is businesses and also customers. Even, BBB did not disclose about the reason of why they were collecting the information from its customers. Later on when the customers came to know that the information collected by the firm was provided to the companies to strengthen their weakness. On this account, the customers got upset. Further, quality was another issue that BBB had to suffer from. This directly affected the reputation of BBB which made the firm to struggle in gaining the trust from its customers. The strategy of collecting the due fees from the businesses and then rating them high instead of evaluating them on the basis of their services and products and the complaints of customers, developed many court cases and blogs against BBB. Finally, the philanthropic responsibility, which emphasizes towards the contributions to the society through their processes and activities. However, BBB also failed in doing this to their customers. The BBB developed a very confusing rating system environment. Further, the complaint system was also defective as the consumers were not able to read out the specific issues. Even the businesses were confused towards the complaints whether it is genuine or not. Solution to ethical misconduct The main issues with the BBB rating system pay for play framework was selling of membership. This is an ethical misconduct with the consumers and also the businesses. Thus to make that this misconduct is not repeated, the BBB need to focus on four main factors; Context, Effectiveness, Leadership and Values (Xaxx, n.d.). Values: The resolution to the ethical issues needs to be guided by very rigid set of values. Some of the BBB employees agreed to overcome by greed and acted as immoral person and they have broken the law. Thus to overcome this, it is important to understand the organizational values. Further, from the leadership perspective, the BBB employees lacked in decisive and strong leadership. The business leaders are the ideal person who can act as an example for others in enforcing ethical standards. However, there are few employees in BBB, who have broken the rules in the search of illicit again, which has led the organization to pay premium for unethical behavior. Even though BBB followed excessive idealistic beliefs and standards, but it didnt help the organization to be an honest company. Thus adopting a hand-on set of standards, rewarding for meeting the ethical standards and giving penalties for defying the standards would help to improve the ethics. BBB should make sure that for justice to have a proper meaning; different situations should be considered from an individual context. Keeping all these in mind, BBB should ensure that the businesses are all aware of the various ethical procedures that BBB is carrying out and accordingly take steps (Solving ethical dilemmas, 2009). To prevent the misconducts happening in BBB, and ensure that the consumers and the businesses are not getting confused with their pay-for-play rating system. The BBB must include the following steps (Kozinets and Shely, 2007): (1) Create a proper workplace policy which should align with the philosophy of the company, code of conduct and mission statement. Incorporating the policy of the organization with the performance of the management for holding the employees accountable for their actions and also aware them about their responsibilities for upholding the professional standards with their interaction with the supervisors and peers and also their job performance. BBB can acquire signed acknowledgements forms from their employees indicating that they have well-understood the ethical policy of workplace. (2) Secondly, training the employees about the workplace ethics would also help BBB to make its employees aware of the importance of maintain ethics in the organization. If not abide by rules it is a big loss for the organization as there is high chances of losing the business and the customers who are the main stakeholders of the organization. Following simulations method by giving the scenarios related to the improper workplace relationship would help the employees to understand the significance of ethics in workplace. (3) Appoint an ombudsperson who would be responsible for handling the concerns of the employees related to the ethics of workplace. Further, BBB can also implement confidential hotlines which would help the employees to contact the management as soon as they encounter any king of ethical misconduct happening in the organization. This is an effective way to make sure that the employees unethical behavior is considered effectively (Fort and Schipani, 2004). (4) Apply the workplace policy developed, constantly for addressing the ethical issues related to workplace. This principle would help in each circumstance, even if the employees are not involved in the process. BBB must communicate the ethical expectation to all level of employees right from operation level to the top management; this approach would help to make sure that all the employees are aware of the company policy. (5) Proactively managing the risks: BBB should implement a proper reporting system that would help to examine the issues that the organization is facing and also what is happening around the business environment. BBB must make sure that the team is reporting the properly the issues that are against the policies. For making the process more effective, the BBB can use the six sigma process, through which the BBB can make the reporting mechanism more effective and also resolve the compliance risks. The BBB must ensure that all the reporters who are mainly responsible for reporting the issues, should provide details of witness, issue, name etc so that they can recognize similar issues later on. (6) Selecting third party vendor: identifying and partnering with a third party vendor would give more trusted and safe resources. Conclusion To conclude, the current report demonstrates the ethical issues that the BBB has faced due to its unethical rating system. The report also highlights that their scheme pay for play was unethical for both the consumers and the businesses. To solve the issues it was very important to understand the important stakeholders involved in the process. Thus the report also highlighted that the important stakeholders of NAD division was both the consumers who were their indirect stakeholders and businesses which were the direct stakeholders. It is a myth that the BBB process is impartial instead the scheme created discrimination among the non-accredited and accredited business through collection of due fees. The case analyzed that the businesses that paid due fees to the BBB team received a A rating where as other businesses that did not paid fees received a F grade despite having no complaints from their customers or best quality services. To understand the overall ethical process of miscondu ct, the report tries to align the ethical issue with some of the theories like stakeholder theory and also the corporate social responsibility theory. To resolve the misconduct, the report highlights few strategies focusing on four main principles values, effectiveness, leadership and context. Reference Fort, T. and Schipani, C. (2004). The role of business in fostering peaceful societies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Jamnik, A. (2011). THE CHALLENGES OF BUSINESS ETHICS MANAGEMENT AND THE QUESTION OF ETHICS. Tourism and Hospitality Management, 17(1), pp.141-152. Kimber, D. (2005). Corporate Governance and Business Ethics in the Asia-Pacific Region. Business Society, 44(2), pp.178-210 Kozinets, P. and Shely, L. (2007). Managing ethical issues in your day-to-day practice. Eau Claire, WI: National Business Institute. Redwardfreeman.com, (2015). Stakeholder Management R. Edward Freeman. [online] Available at: https://redwardfreeman.com/stakeholder-management/ [Accessed 15 Jan. 2015]. Solving ethical dilemmas. (2009). Veterinary Record, 165(14), pp.3-4. STEVENS, B. and BROWNELL, J. (2000). Ethics: Communicating standards and influencing behavior. The Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 41(2), pp.39-43. Tuttle, B. (2013). Why the Better Business Bureau Should Give Itself a Bad Grade | TIME.com. [online] TIME.com. Available at: https://business.time.com/2013/03/19/why-the-better-business-bureau-should-give-itself-a-bad-grade/ [Accessed 15 Jan. 2015]. Vitell, S. and Paolillo, J. (2004). A cross-cultural study of the antecedents of the perceived role of ethics and social responsibility. Business Ethics, 13(2-3), pp.185-199. Watson, S. and Weaver, G. (2003). How internationalization affects corporate ethics: formal structures and informal management behavior. Journal of International Management, 9(1), pp.75-93. Xaxx, J. (n.d.). The Most Important Criteria for Solving Ethical Dilemmas in Business. [online] smallbusiness.chron.com. Available at: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/important-criteria-solving-ethical-dilemmas-business-21971.html [Accessed 19 Jan. 2015].

Antecedents Consequences Internet Channel †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Antecedents Consequences Internet Channel? Answer: Introduction With the advent of ecommerce, the future of retail markets looks bleak. Though shopping has become a human need, transforming into a form of social ritual over the years, with the increase of online shopping, it has been observed that when compared to the marked increase of profits in the online market, the retail market falls heavily short and lags behind to a point that threatens its existence. This has led to the introduction of ecommerce schemes in many major retail chains, including Wal-Mart (Wolk and Skiera, 2009). The term pure retail is dead is slowly arising in the minds of the experts and the statistics are clearly pointing towards this devastating future of retail markets. Current Operation According to Kasiri and Ericson (2016), Currently, Wal-Mart, the giant of the retailing market, has begun to make its mark in the ecommerce market since 2011. It is estimated that the growth of sales in the ecommerce market will reach $22.049 trillion, a 6% growth from the previous year and that if the rates continues, the ecommerce sales will top $27 trillion in 2020. However since the introduction of ecommerce in Wal-Mart, the company has underperformed online. Despite having a larger sale base than most ecommerce companies, Amazon.com, an ecommerce giant, saw an increase of 27% in its retail sales in North America and 24% internationally, while Wal-Mart continues to have a slow increase of 15% year after year (Weltevrenden and Boschma, 2008). Discussion on the key points The difference in retail market and ecommerce has been estimated in the different mindset that the consumers go through during a transaction process (Kumar, 2016). Ecommerce markets provide convenience and competitive along with the theme of availability by providing anything we want, wherever we want and whenever we want. On the other hand, retail markets focuses on providing an experience to the consumer, that makes it beneficial for them to test a product, socialize in the marketplace, and create a social marketing platform to lead to a sale (Zhou, Dai Zhang, 2007). This is the reason why it is still seen that many new releases, consumers tend to appear in the retail market, socialize and purchase without resorting to a much more convenient ecommerce market. How it can be more effective with Internet technology Wal-Mart has already started investing in an ecommerce market to hold its position as not only one of the major retailing chains in the global market, but also a strong player in the world of ecommerce (Bellman, Lohse Johnson, 2000). However, due to its late entry in the ecommerce world, the position of Wal-Mart is falling short before the giants of ecommerce like Amazon and Ebay who are still ruling the online marketing world. However, if the future of the retail markets needs to be held, it should merge with the digital world and make its store more experience friendly, thus enabling Wi-Fi technology in stores and inducing customers to participate in product release programmes, in self-customization programmes (Wirtz, Schilke and Ullrich, 2010). Recommendation Retail markets should not search for new channels to increase their sales, nor should they compete to be the cheapest but rather they should start taking some serious efforts to make an environment conducive of marketing socialization, making the distribution of experience their main goal. Thus, they should use interactive mechanism where customers are put into an environment where they could try new products, play with the products, review their social networking sites, and even customize their own products in the store (Zhou, Dai Zhang , 2007). Conclusion Retailing has been an important part in the development of the market economy of the world. Now that its floundering under the pressure from the new form of market facilitated by the internet, there is a necessity to make some large scale alterations to the physical setting of the retail market and enable the market to adopt digitalization fast. References Bellman, S., Lohse, G.L Johnson, E.J., 2000, Predictors of Online Buying Behavior, Communications of the ACM (Association for Computing Machinery), Vol. 42, No, 12: 32-38 [online]. https://www.cscanada.net/index.php/css/article/download/1087/1106 [Accessed 19th September 2017]. Kasiri, N. and Ericson, G.S., 2016, Beyond operational efficiency in retail: Rfid's tactical and strategic implications International Conference on Intellectual Capital and Knowledge Management and Organisational Learning, 136-142 [online]. Accessed from: https://search.proquest.com/openview/7f0483924466f5184a645d4596365fd3/1?pq-origsite=gscholarcbl=1796420 [Accessed 19th September 2017] Kumar, S., 2016, Impact of Information Technology on E-Commerce in India, International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science, 7.6[online]. Available from: https://search.proquest.com/openview/d9e2c4883acc8f4f38e11ab0984d62ce/1?pq-origsite=gscholarcbl=1606379 [Accessed 20th September 2017] Weltevrenden, J. W. Boschma, R.A., 2008, Internet strategies and the performance of Dutch retailers , Journal of Retailing Consumer Services, 15, pp. 163-178 [online]. Accessed from: https://www.google.co.in/url?sa=trct=jq=esrc=ssource=webcd=3cad=rjauact=8ved=0ahUKEwjrzaHw-bbWAhWIMo8KHZ7qAu8QFggzMAIurl=http%3A%2F%2Foro.open.ac.uk%2F24815%2F2%2F88C00795.pdfusg=AFQjCNEn6ZLb-w0NNJ1syEdoW0lqSkBQnQ [Accessed 20th September 2017] Wirtz, B.W., Schilke, O. Ullrich, S., 2010, Strategic Development of Business Models:: Implications of the Web 2.0 for Creating Value on the Internet Long Range Planning [in press], pps 19 [online]. Available from: https://www.google.co.in/url?sa=trct=jq=esrc=ssource=webcd=2cad=rjauact=8ved=0ahUKEwiM9reL-bbWAhXGRY8KHQBmDm4QFggvMAEurl=http%3A%2F%2Fisiarticles.com%2Fbundles%2FArticle%2Fpre%2Fpdf%2F7685.pdfusg=AFQjCNHpE2N0iW18ad5E_sDjdAAYt37DMw [Accessed 20 September 2017] Wolk, A. Skiera, B., 2009, Antecedents and consequences of Internet channel performance, Journal of Retailing Consumer Services, 16, pp. 163-173 [online]. Available from https://www.google.co.in/url?sa=trct=jq=esrc=ssource=webcd=6cad=rjauact=8ved=0ahUKEwjk8ZnD-rbWAhUGuo8KHT4QAIEQFgg3MAUurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.toknowpress.net%2FISBN%2F978-961-6914-16-1%2Fpapers%2FML16-022.pdfusg=AFQjCNFOXK5Dh64RO3i3OjHV4PAUAIL38w [Accessed 19th September 2017] Zhou, L., Dai, L Zhang, D., 2007, Online Shopping Acceptance Model A Critical Survey of Consumer Factors in Online Shopping, Journal of Electronic Commerce Research, Vol. 8, No. 1:41-62 [online. Available from: https://www.google.co.in/url?sa=trct=jq=esrc=ssource=webcd=1cad=rjauact=8ved=0ahUKEwiFpZmb-rbWAhUZT48KHcT5BX0QFggnMAAurl=http%3A%2F%2Fojs.jecr.org%2Fjecr%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2F08_1_p04.pdfusg=AFQjCNHgo0ww6SDKJyMEYOeDzyJ1AUKg2A [Accessed 20th September 2017]

Thanatopsis My View On Life And Death Essays - Thanatopsis, Thou

Thanatopsis: My View On Life And Death Focus Correction Areas - 3 Quotes - Clear explanation of my view of life and death - Creativity - 2 pages; standard paper form My View On Life And Death Thanatopsis, a poem by William Cullen Bryant, tells about how when one dies the grave becomes an endless world, how the deceased become one with the earth, the trees, and everything that is great within the earth, and how when one dies they do not die alone. He uses strong words to describe the feelings and visions one sees when they are in their last hours and even after they have passed away. The author makes death seem like something that should not be feared and should almost be looked forward to. ?When thoughts of the last bitter hour come like a blight over thy spirit, and sad images of the stern agony, and shroud, and pall, and breathless darkness, and the narrow house, make thee to shudder, and grow sick at heart- Go forth, under the open sky, and list to Nature's teachings, while from all around- Earth and her waters, and the depths of air- comes a still voice?(Bryant 153). I think that Bryant is taking what can be considered the stereotype of what death and dying feels like and putting it in some very descriptive and strong words. He then goes on to show, from what I gather, how one should really feel when dying. I think the author's opinion of death is that it should be a happy and relaxing experience. He tries to show that when dying instead of feeling deep sorrow and pain you will become embraced by mother nature and her calmness and it will be a soothing experience rather than a painful and devastating experience. After reading this poem and seeing such strong descri ptive words I can understand and almost invision how dying could be a pleasant experience, rather than going along with most of societies stereotypical ideas of how death really is. ?Earth that nourished thee, shall claim thy growth, to be resolved to earth again, and, lost each human trace, surrendering up thine individual being, shalt thou go to mix forever with the elements, to be a brother to the insensible rock and to the sluggish clod, which the rude swain turns with his share, and treads upon?(Bryant 153). In saying this, the author is trying to say that when one has fully embraced death, instead of staying in a small grave in the ground, the deceased will become one with the earth. Even in showing how death is wonderful he uses such powerful, descriptive words. Becoming a part of the earth and befriending all the elements sounds like a dream come true the way he puts it. It almost seems as if this is how Bryant portrays heaven or the after life. This is another way of showing how death should be a pleasant, soothing experience. In my opinion, if how he describes this part of dying is really how it is, than I would totally back him up on his point that death should be a pleasant experience. I am undecided weather I should fear death or if I should look forward to it. ?Yet not to thine eternal resting-place shalt thou retire alone, nor couldst thou wish couch more magnificent. Thou shalt lie down with patriarchs of the infant world- with kings, the powerful of the earth- the wise, the good, fair forms, and hoary seers of ages past, all in one mighty sepulcher?(Bryant 153). In lines 31 through 37 of Thanatopsis, as quoted above, Bryant says that when a deceased one lays down into his or her eternal resting place they could never imagine such a wonderful place to lay down forever. He continues to say, as he does in the rest of the poem, that one's eternal resting place could never have been thought of as such a wonderful place that one could love so much. In a way he describes it to be a huge couch which when you lay down upon it you just melt in and never feel like getting up, by saying ?nor couldst thou wish couch more magnificent?. The way he

Free Essays on Malcolm X And MLK Jr Comparison

Both Martin Luther King, Jr. and Malcolm X were publicized as two of the most important figures in the African American Civil Rights struggle during their lifespan. However, both men’s upbringing and their experiences affected their ideology of resolving America’s racial struggles. â€Å"Martin King and Malcolm X were shaped by what Vincent Harding has called the ‘Great Tradition of Black Protest,’ a tradition that comprised many variations of nationalism and integrationism.† (Cone, p. 16). Both Martin Luther King, Jr. and Malcolm X came from families that instilled strong family values, religious values, and community involvement. However, during their early development, Martin’s family was able to protect him from the worst experiences of white racism while raising him in the southern United States while Malcolm’s family suffered from the negative effects of racism while raising him mostly in the northern part of the country. Th e difference in their location of development was that Malcolm’s family was affected more by the racial conflict in America than Martin’s family. Due to Malcolm’s experiences it was much harder for him to accept the good values among the general majority of the dominant race of white people in America than the optimistic perception of Martin Luther King, Jr. Martin Luther King, Jr. was born in 1929 and raised in Atlanta, Georgia. Both his father and grandfather were prominent Baptist preachers and leaders in the African American community. The community and its leaders fought against segregation with protest, accommodation, and self-help. The way in which they protested was for equality in an accommodating way of non-violence. It also provided the ideology of the self-help tradition to the African Americans by promoting the value of high achievement in education, business, and morality. Due to the strong influence of the community, religion, and his family values, Martin was able t... Free Essays on Malcolm X And MLK Jr Comparison Free Essays on Malcolm X And MLK Jr Comparison Both Martin Luther King, Jr. and Malcolm X were publicized as two of the most important figures in the African American Civil Rights struggle during their lifespan. However, both men’s upbringing and their experiences affected their ideology of resolving America’s racial struggles. â€Å"Martin King and Malcolm X were shaped by what Vincent Harding has called the ‘Great Tradition of Black Protest,’ a tradition that comprised many variations of nationalism and integrationism.† (Cone, p. 16). Both Martin Luther King, Jr. and Malcolm X came from families that instilled strong family values, religious values, and community involvement. However, during their early development, Martin’s family was able to protect him from the worst experiences of white racism while raising him in the southern United States while Malcolm’s family suffered from the negative effects of racism while raising him mostly in the northern part of the country. Th e difference in their location of development was that Malcolm’s family was affected more by the racial conflict in America than Martin’s family. Due to Malcolm’s experiences it was much harder for him to accept the good values among the general majority of the dominant race of white people in America than the optimistic perception of Martin Luther King, Jr. Martin Luther King, Jr. was born in 1929 and raised in Atlanta, Georgia. Both his father and grandfather were prominent Baptist preachers and leaders in the African American community. The community and its leaders fought against segregation with protest, accommodation, and self-help. The way in which they protested was for equality in an accommodating way of non-violence. It also provided the ideology of the self-help tradition to the African Americans by promoting the value of high achievement in education, business, and morality. Due to the strong influence of the community, religion, and his family values, Martin was able t...

A Worn Path Essays - Eudora Welty, Term Papers

A Worn Path In the story "A Worn Path" the main character's name is Phoenix which alludes to "the mythical bird that consumed itself in fire after five hundred years and rose renewed from its ashes. This death-birth motif gives a meaningful context for details which seem merely descriptive"(Seidl, p. 53). "Welty's main subject is the intricacies of human relationships, particularly as revealed through her characters' interactions in intimate social encounters. Welty's outlook is hopeful, and love is viewed as a redeeming presence in the midst of isolation and indifference" (One Writers Beginnings). Ms. Welty takes an old woman, Phoenix Jackson, on a seemingly impossible journey using general symbolism and Christian symbolism. She begins the journey with general symbols of everyday life. The journey itself is like life, it has its ups and downs. "The woods were deep and still" (Welty, p. 159) and "Down in the hollow was the mourning dove" (Welty, p. 159) makes the reader think of death. Other symbols that make us think of life or youth and death or age are: "Seem like there is chains about my feet" (Welty, p. 159) make it clear that Phoenix is thinking about death or slavery; "Up through the pines" (Welty, p. 159) makes the reader think of youth; "Now down through the oaks" (Welty, p. 159) is another symbol of death; "She had to creep and crawl, spreading her knees and stretching her fingers like a baby trying to climb the steps" (Welty, p. 160)is another sign of youth; Phoenix's hair and eyes also make us think of youth and death since the reader knows S. Carney 2 Phoenix is old because of the repeated use of "old," and "Granny," and "Grandma" but her hair is not gray but "still black" (Welty, p. 159); Phoenix also saw a buzzard in the field, making Phoenix think of death; "I walking in their sleep" (Welty, p. 160) is a phrase used by Phoenix as she walked "past cabins silver from weather, with the doors and windows boarded shut"(Welty, p. 160) that makes the reader think Phoenix has outlived just about everyone she has known in her life. Other symbols of death are where "the live-oaks met" ... "it was dark as a cave"(Welty, p. 161); The "black dog" (Welty, p. 161) who knocked Phoenix in the ditch; the scarecrow is a reference to death in the story because Phoenix performs a little dance of death with it; and finally how Phoenix slowly bends forward, her chin almost even with her knees as she picked the nickel up off the ground. Some of the Christmas symbols certainly portray Christian symbolism. As Phoenix crosses a log that "was laid across the creek" the reader thinks of crossing the river Jordan; Phoenix "carried a thin, small cane made from an umbrella" (Welty, p. 158) makes the reader think of a candy cane; "a tree in a pearly cloud of mistletoe" (Welty, p. 159) is also another sign of Christmas; the "red and green electric lights" (Welty, p. 162); the bells ringing also remind Phoenix that it is Christmas time in the city; the lady that "came along in the crowd, carrying an armful of red-, green-, and silver-wrapped presents" (Welty, p. 163) who tied Phoenix's shoe and the attendant who gives her a nickel make the reader think of Christmas as a time for giving; as the reader S. Carney 3 thinks of Phoenix's grandson we also think of Jesus; and finally as Phoenix is going to the store to buy her "child a little windmill" makes us think of the star. "A Worn Path" suggests that "the end of the road is death and renewal of life" (Seidl, p. 54). By looking through the eyes of Phoenix the reader learns that life is a path filled with mental deaths and rebirths. Everyone is frequently close to giving up against everyday struggles; yet through equivalently frequent aids, you persist on spiritually revived. If you have a good enough cause you do not give up. S. Carney 4 Welty, Eudora, One Writers Beginnings, Internet, 1994 Seidl, Frances. Eudora Welty's Phoenix. Vol. 6 of Notes on Mississippi Writers, University of Southern Mississippi, 1974. Welty, Eudora. "A Worn Path." Literature for Composition. Ed. Sylvan Barnet,

Mycenaean Civilization Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Mycenaean Civilization - Term Paper Example This work talks about the Mycenaeans, who were known as a â€Å"warrior culture†. Although the Mycenaean civilization began in 1550 BC, the occupation of Achaeans or Mycenaeans of many areas of the Greek peninsula, especially the coastal areas, started in 2000 BC. The Mycenaean civilization was the Late Helladic civilization in 1550 BC, but after the volcanic eruption at Thera in 1500 BC, the Mycenaean civilization at Knossos began in 1450 BC. This was followed by the destruction of Knossos in 1380 BC but a revival, development and perfection of Mycenaean architecture in 1350 until 1250 BC. During the revival of architecture, the Mycenaeans became â€Å"wealthy and powerful† and became â€Å"the most powerful group in the Aegean world† . It was also around this time that the Mycenaeans invaded the Minoan civilization and conquered Troy. However, the fall of Mycenaean civilization occurred in 1200 BC and was marked by the destruction of several Mycenaean sites and was finally concluded in 1184 BC by the destruction of Troy. The paper also talks about the decline of the Mycenaean civilization. There were several theories as to the cause of its fall. The most probable explanation, however, was the invasion of another nation known as the â€Å"Dorians,† and such invasion caused the Mycenaean civilization to fall into the â€Å"dark age†. This was, however, opposed by other historians who said that the destruction of the Mycenaean civilization did not happen until 100 years after the Dorian invasion.

GENETICS Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

GENETICS - Assignment Example In connection with this, it is evident that biotechnology has led to the introduction of hybrids of plants and animals through cloning and gene therapy. It is also apparent that employment of biotechnology in the medical contexts has enhanced the production of effective medicine. However, the ethical issues surrounding the application of biotechnology in real life situation are diverse and convincing. For instance, Coulter, Myers and Varacalli assert that the extensive use of biotechnology has led to human beings being used as the instruments of biotechnology. In connection with this, it is also evident that biotechnology has resulted in biological manipulations (Morris, 2006). It has distorted the profoundly human activities such as those associated with receiving and nurturing life. The production of genetically modified foods has also raised public concerns in many developed countries. Majority of the people believe that the food crops generated via biotechnology may result in fatal health complications (Morrey & Sherlock, 2002). Additionally, it is evident that the introduction of genetically modified organisms hampers with the marketing of organic